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The Russian 2S4 'Tyulpan' Heavy Mortar Vehicle | NUCLEAR MORTAR LAUNCHER ☢️

Published on Mon, Apr 22nd 2024 Science & Technology Rectangular HD

The 2S4 Tyulpan (often spelled Tulpan, Russian: 2С4 Тюльпан, lit. 'tulip') is a Soviet 240 mm self-propelled heavy mortar. "2S4" is its GRAU designation. The Tyulpan is the largest mortar system in use today.

The 2S4 Tyulpan design shares the same chassis as the 2S3 Akatsiya and carries an externally mounted 240 mm 2B8 mortar on the rear of the hull. The 2S4 has a capacity of 40 standard high-explosive rounds or 20 long-range rocket-assisted rounds. These are placed in two automated drum-type magazines. The rounds are fed to the top of the carrier, where they are placed on a track. The mortar then tilts to the horizontal position. The breech opens, and a ramming device pushes the round into the breech. The breech closes, and the mortar tilts into the firing position.[citation needed] In combat, the mortar is elevated between 50° and 80°, and it can fire one round per minute.
The primary ammunition for the weapon is the high-explosive 53-F-864 mortar projectile, which has a total weight of 130 kilograms (290 lb).

One of the more unique aspects of the 2S4 is its nuclear capability. Development of tactical nuclear munitions for the type was initiated relatively late in the service cycle of the vehicle, in 1967, and resulted in the 3BW4 round, using a 3B4 nuclear projectile with a yield of approx. 2 kt. This was improved on three years later with the development of a rocket-assisted 3WB11 nuclear round (using a 3B11 projectile with an RD-14 warhead and propelled by a 3M15 rocket motor). Development of a nuclear warhead for the M-240 was technologically limited for a period of time by the small bore of the weapon; miniaturization had only recently allowed for the reduction of the diameter of a nuclear device to a sufficiently small size so as to be used in a field artillery system. To date, the range of these nuclear projectiles has not been published, but the greater weight of such a warhead compared to conventional mortar rounds compels experts to speculate on a lower range for such a projectile, and thus the questionable tactical utility of the system.

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